Dahlias demand attention through the growing season, but winter is where restraint matters most.
Not fussing. Not interfering. Simply creating the right conditions and stepping back.
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| Dahlia 'Verrone's Obsidian' |
This post marks the beginning of a broader journal on how I overwinter dahlias — not as a rigid set of rules, but as a record of methods that have worked for me, year after year, in an Irish climate.
The Timing: Frost as a Signal, Not a Panic
After the first light frosts, I begin the process early — but gently.
Across the garden, I cut back the dahlias, removing roughly a third of the foliage and the growing tips. These growing tips are where enzymatic signalling pushes energy towards flower production. Removing them interrupts that message.
What follows is intentional waiting.
The remaining foliage is left in place for several weeks, allowing the plant to:
This is the quiet part of the year, where nothing visible happens, but everything important does.
The Hard Frost of 2025
In 2025, the first proper hard frost arrived on 21st November, with temperatures dropping to around –2 °C.
That frost did what it always does:
Only then do I move fully into storage mode.
Container Dahlias: Stored As They Are
After removing all the dead foliage, I gather the container-grown dahlias together and line them up closely, creating a single block rather than isolated pots. Any weeds that have seeded themselves into the containers are removed at this stage.
Once everything is clean, I add an insulating layer directly above the crown. This year I chose pine needles, simply because I have an abundant supply in the garden. They’re light, breathable, and shed water well — ideal material for this job.
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| Containers with pine needle mulch. |
After laying down the pine needles, I place a rigid plant tray over the crown (the same type normally used under pots in summer). A few stones or a brick go on top to keep it firmly in place, and then I add another layer of pine needles over the tray.
Each container receives this same treatment.
When all the pots are prepared, I add a secondary insulating layer across the entire group. Some years I’ve used leftover loft insulation (rockwool), but this year I kept it simple and used cardboard, laid flat over the tops of the containers. Over the cardboard, I place old blankets for additional insulation.
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| Insulating layer across the entire group |
The final and most important layer is the outer cover.
I use breathable weed-control fabric to cover the whole arrangement, securing it with stones and bricks. This material is ideal: it keeps the bulk of the rain off while still allowing air to circulate. Trapped moisture is far more dangerous than cold.
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| Weed-control fabric layer, held down by stones. |
Once covered, I use my hardy perennial containers as a final defence, positioning them around the edges. Irish winters are rarely consistently cold — they’re far more often wet and stormy. Placing heavy containers around the perimeter stops wind from getting underneath and lifting the fabric.
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| Outdoor Dahlia storage setup. |
This is my tried-and-tested method for overwintering container dahlias outdoors in Ireland. It works. The tubers remain dry, dormant, and alive right through winter.
From February into March, I begin to gradually reintroduce them to light. Because they’re positioned against a south-facing wall, they benefit from a sheltered microclimate, often waking earlier than dahlias stored elsewhere. Done carefully, this gives them a quiet head start on the growing season.
Lifted Tubers: Cleaned, Dried, and Stored Bare
Some dahlias are lifted entirely — either because they’ve outgrown their containers, are being moved, or simply to reset them for the coming year.
Once lifted from the ground or removed from containers, I snip off all the fine roots, leaving only the tuber cluster itself. The tubers are then placed into a trug of water for around 30 minutes, which helps loosen remaining soil.
After soaking, they’re washed thoroughly — sometimes with a hose, sometimes by splashing water between the tubers using a watering can. The goal isn’t perfection, just removing most of the growing medium so nothing wet or compacted remains against the skin.
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| Tubers prepped for storage. |
Once cleaned, the tubers are left to dry in direct sunlight for a few hours. This isn’t about desiccation, just ensuring no free moisture remains trapped.
When dry, the tubers are placed upside down into plastic storage containers. Each container holds one variety only, clearly labelled to avoid confusion later. They’re laid on a bed of newspaper or straw, which cushions them and absorbs any residual moisture.
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| Stored tubers. |
This year, I’ve stored five different varieties this way in the porch. The porch is unheated and north-facing, staying consistently cool without experiencing hard frost.
Stored like this, the tubers remain stable and dormant until the growing season begins again.
In-Ground Dahlias: Covered, Not Dug
Some dahlias stay exactly where they grew.
For these, I use a simple layered approach:
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The crown is covered with straw, newspaper, or pine needles
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A rigid plastic plant saucer or tray is placed over the crown
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Stones or bricks are added to stop movement
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The area is finished with mulch
This creates a small, dry dome — crude, effective, and easy to remove in spring.
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| Three dahlias prepped for winter, hidden under trays and mulch. |
A Control Group: Doing Nothing on Purpose
This season, partly out of curiosity and partly for scientific-like reasons, I’ve decided to introduce a control group.
Rather than intervening everywhere, I’ve deliberately left a small number of dahlias to deal with winter entirely on their own.
In total:
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Three dahlias remain in the ground, completely untouched
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Four container-grown dahlias have also been left without any winter protection
The three in-ground dahlias occupy different conditions:
The container dahlias are in partial sun edging into full shade, receiving roughly four hours of light during winter.
Ireland’s winters are rarely defined by extreme cold. They’re defined by persistent wet, fluctuating temperatures, and long periods of low light. This makes it an ideal environment to test whether dahlias truly fail from frost — or whether moisture and predation are the real culprits.
This experiment isn’t about proving a point. It’s about observation.
The Real Cause of Rot (In My Experience)
Over the years, I’ve noticed something that runs counter to much of the standard advice around dahlias.
Dahlias left in the ground don’t usually rot because of cold.
They don’t even rot because of winter wet — at least not directly.
They rot because the enemy arrives first.
The enemy, of course, is the evil bastards — technically known as Deroceras reticulatum — more commonly referred to as slugs.
On several occasions, I’ve dug up dahlias prematurely to check their condition. What I’ve found time and again are small slugs actively feeding on the tubers. They don’t consume the tuber outright. Instead, they cause just enough damage to breach the skin. That damage then becomes the entry point for rot.
Once that process begins, the tuber is finished — not because of frost, but because it was compromised.
This repeated observation has shaped how I approach winter storage. From what I’ve seen, dahlias are surprisingly tolerant of winter conditions when left alone with minimal protection. It’s subterranean grazing that does the real damage.
If you actively suppress slug populations — for example by applying nematodes — then leaving dahlias in the ground with light protection can work well.
If you don’t intend to wage full war on slugs and snails, lifting tubers and regrowing them in spring is the safer choice.
Cold and wet are manageable.
A bored slug with access to a tuber is not.
Cold vs Wet: The Potato Rule
Dahlias don’t truly fear winter cold.
They fear wet, stagnant conditions.
In that sense, they behave much like potatoes:
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cold is tolerable
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saturation is lethal
Rot is almost always the result of waterlogged or damaged tubers, not frost alone.
Once this clicks, overwintering becomes less anxious and more observational.
Closing Reflection
Winter storage isn’t about control.
It’s about creating conditions and stepping back.
The tuber already knows what to do.
Your role is simply to keep it dry, still, and undisturbed.
Spring will handle the rest.
